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糙糙米 · 2022年03月11日

为什么出口占进口比率下降时会预示危机呢?

NO.PZ2018091706000064

问题如下:

Beauregard has concerns about the firm’s experiencesduring currency crises. She recalls reading a study produced by the IMF that animpending currency crisis is signaled by numerous economic variables. She makesthe following statements with regard to some of these variables:

1. Tradebalances exhibit substantial decline prior to the crisis.

2. Acountry has distinctive economic growth patterns ahead of the crisis.

3. Inflationis significantly higher in the pre-crisisperiod.

Which of Beauregard’s statements regarding acurrency crisis is the most accurate?


选项:

A.

Statement 3

B.

Statement 2

C.

Statement 1

解释:

Statement 3 is the most accurate. Inflation tends to be significantly higher in pre-crisisperiods compared with tranquil periods.

解析:A选项最准确的。与平静时期相比,危机前时期的通胀率往往要高得多。

C选项错误,the terms of trade而非Trade balances下降。如果是Trade balances大幅下降,表明危机已经发生,就不是危机的信号了。

B选项错误,因为危机发生前,经济不会有什么额外的增长。

想请教为什么出口占进口比率下降时会预示危机呢?想听听完整的解释,谢谢!

1 个答案
已采纳答案

笛子_品职助教 · 2022年03月11日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


想请教为什么出口占进口比率下降时会预示危机呢?想听听完整的解释,谢谢!


一般是发展中国家,出口占进口比率下降,会预示着危机。

因为发展中国家的货币,在其他国家不通用,比如说委内瑞拉盾,只能在委内瑞拉国内使用。一旦要去国际上采购物资,那么必须先把维拉瑞拉盾兑换成美元,然后才能采购到物资。

那么出口就意味着创汇,目前美元是世界通用货币,那么出口,就意味着美元的流入,委内瑞拉政府可以储备一笔美元,这就是外汇储备。

还委内瑞拉出口石油,用石油换美元,然后再用美元去采购必要的生活物资,比如农产品、纺织品、工业品、科技产品等。

突然有一天,石油价格暴跌,委内瑞拉的出口大幅下降,政府储备的美元迅速减少,于是委内瑞拉无法向国际市场继续购入生活所需的物资,没有农产品,没有纺织品,没有工业品,没有电子科技产品。


于是,委内瑞拉就爆发了危机。

----------------------------------------------
虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

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