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兔小兔 · 2021年11月12日

5% 对应为啥不是1.65

NO.PZ2015120204000022

问题如下:

lExcess stock market returnt=a0+a1Default spreadt1 +a2Term spreadt1 +a3Pres party dummyt1 +e{l}Excess\text{ }stock\text{ }market\text{ }return_t\\=a_0+a_1Default\text{ }spread_{t-1}\text{ }+a_2Term\text{ }spread_{t-1}\text{ }+a_3Pres\text{ }party\text{ }dummy_{t-1}\text{ }+e

Default spread is equal to the yield on Baa bonds minus the yield on Aaa bonds. Term spread is equal to the yield on a 10-year constant-maturity US Treasury index minus the yield on a 1-year constant-maturity US Treasury index. Pres party dummy is equal to 1 if the US President is a member of the Democratic Party and 0 if a member of the Republican Party.

The regression is estimated with 431 observations.

Exhibit 1.Multiple Regression Output

Exhibit 2. Table of the Student’s t-Distribution (One-Tailed Probabilities for df = )

The 95 percent confidence interval for the regression coefficient for the default spread is closest to:

选项:

A.

0.13 to 5.95.

B.

1.72 to 4.36.

C.

1.93 to 4.15.

解释:

B is correct.

The confidence interval is computed as a1±s(a1)×(95%,)a_1\pm s(a_1)\times(95\%,\infty). From Exhibit 1, a1 = 3.04 and t(a1) = 4.52, resulting in a standard error of a1 = s(a1) = 3.04/4.52 = 0.673. The critical value for t from Exhibit 3 is 1.96 for p = 0.025. The confidence interval for a1 is 3.04 ± 0.673 × 1.96 = 3.04 ± 1.31908 or from 1.72092 to 4.35908.

具体对应的有可以背的数据么


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星星_品职助教 · 2021年11月14日

@ 兔小兔

补充一个回复。

如果题干里有提示用哪个关键值,需要优先使用题干信息。

这道题实际是t分布,正常的话t分布的关键值是比正态分布大的。但当一级时学过一个概念:自由度增加时,t分布会逐渐趋近于正态分布(了解,二级不考了)。

这道题自由度趋近于无穷,所以t分布和正态分布近似相等。最后用的也是正态分布的关键值。直接使用即可。

正态分布95%的置信区间的关键值实际是1.645,但有时四舍五入就只取1.65,所以1.65也比较常见(包括99%置信区间的2.58也是类似的道理)。如果涉及到精细计算,关键值是会像本题一样给出的,根据题干的提示来做题即可。

兔小兔 · 2021年11月14日

谢谢老师

星星_品职助教 · 2021年11月14日

@ 兔小兔

好的,之前只看到了正文问题,刚刚发现还有一个题目里的提问,就补充了一下。

学习加油~

星星_品职助教 · 2021年11月12日

同学你好,

数量科目里,正态分布下置信区间所对应的关键值为:

90%置信区间对应±1.645(常用)

95%置信区间对应±1.96.(常用)

99%置信区间对应±2.58(用得少)

这组值是要求背诵的。

----

补充一个二级组合科目用的关键值

正态分布下,99%的VaR对应的关键值为-2.33

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