NO.PZ2018091702000032
问题如下：
Gerhard Ludwigs founded ABC Innovations (ABC), a biotech company dedicated to small cell lung cancer research. For the past two years, ABC has been dedicated to Project M, an effort directed at developing a drug for the treatment of relapses in small cell lung cancer. Project M has delayed its Phase Two trials twice. Published results from Phase One trials have raised some concerns regarding the drug. In its last two quarterly investors’ conference calls, ABC’s CEO was very cautious in discussing expectations for Project M. ABC’s stock price decreased by over 20 percent during the past six months. Gerber believes that the research setbacks are temporary because of ABC’s past success with projects. He expects that ABC will begin Phase Two within a year, and also believes that once Project M goes into Phase Two, ABC’s stock price should reach a new 52- week high of CHF 80.
Soon after deciding to hold the stock, Gerber reads an article by ABC’s chief scientist in which certain scientific results from Project M are detailed. As a conclusion, the article states: "Although we still have some major obstacles to overcome, the Project M team has seen positive signs that a treatment for small cell lung cancer is achievable." While Gerber has difficulty interpreting the scientific results, he feels reassured after reading the concluding statement.
Today, ABC announces the news that it will no longer pursue Project M, citing early signs of failure of the project. As a result of the announcement, the stock price drops by 50 percent. Gerber is stunned. He reviews the company’s history and notes that ABC has been up front about its struggles to solve the Project M issues. Gerber now realizes that he has been ignoring all the signs and feels a tremendous regret for not having sold the foundation’s investment in ABC earlier.
Determine whether Gerber displayed confirmation bias when reviewing the chief scientist’s article. Justify your answer with one reason.
选项： 解释：
Gerber displayed confirmation bias when reviewing the chief scientist’s article。
Confirmation bias, a cognitive error, is a belief perseverance bias. Individuals who exhibit this bias look for confirmation of their belief and ignore any information which contradicts their belief. Gerber displayed confirmation bias by selectively placing more weight on the portion of the statement "the Project M team has seen positive signs that treatment for small cell lung cancer is achievable" in the article, even though the positive results mentioned in the article appeared to be a general statement. Gerber ignored the comment on the major obstacles which the team had encountered because it was contrary to his belief in Project M.
答案里面 the delays in initiation of Phase Two trials
就是原文的Project M has delayed its Phase Two trials twice
答案里面 the discouraging results from Phase One
就是原文的 Published results from Phase One trials have raised some concerns regarding the drug
那考试中是否可以直接COPY原文么？
