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506623496 · 2021年08月23日

Statement 1、Statement 2怎么理解?

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NO.PZ201511190100000101

问题如下:

Which of the following statements is most consistent with expected utility theory?

选项:

A.

Statement 1.

B.

Statement 2.

C.

Statement 3.

解释:

C is correct.

Statement 3 is most consistent with expected utility theory. The client exhibits self-control and is able to defer consumption. This client is considering short-term and long-term goals and attempting to maximize the present value of utility. In Statement 1, beliefs are being updated using heuristics rather than Bayes’ formula. Statement 2 is consistent with prospect theory; the client is overweighting the probability of a high financial impact outcome (gains on options) and underweighting the probability of a loss (the option premium cost).

讲义上哪里体现了Statement 1?

1 个答案
已采纳答案

王琛_品职助教 · 2021年08月24日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


1)Statement 1 怎么理解?

Statement 1 表述:当一家公司的新信息出现时,客户根据过去对类似信息的经验,调整对该公司股票的预期

这里涉及的是:做决策;修改期望(更新信念) revise expectations (update beliefs) 时的依据

如果是传统金融学,决策基于效用理论;更新信念要基于贝叶斯公式,即通过概率公式做出比较严谨的判断

请参考:原版书 P8 "investors make decisions consistent with utility theory and revise expectations (update beliefs) consistent with Bayes’ formula."

如果是行为金融学,更新信念是基于经验和知识,以简化决策流程 "based on experience and knowledge that simplify decision making"

解析出现了一个词 "heuristics",我之前总结过,同学可以先参考一下:https://class.pzacademy.com/qa/75458

2)Statement 2 怎么理解?

Statement 2 中,客户高估了期权获取收益的概率,低估了损失(期权费的成本)的概率

涉及的是 prospect theory,其有两个组成部分 value function 和 decision weights,这道题涉及的其实是 decision weights

概率加权函数表达了这样一个事实:人们倾向于对小概率事件反应过度,而对中等和大概率事件反应不足

"The probability-weighting function expresses the fact that people tend to overreact to small probability events but under-react to mid-sized and large probabilities."

3)建议

提问时同学可以先写一下上自己的理解哈,比如 Statement 2 和 3 同学自己是怎么理解的

这样,通过彼此的交流讨论,可能更有助于同学理解该知识点

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