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风乎舞雩 · 2021年03月23日

他的假设2是错的,所以引入了spread risk,为啥不能这么想呢

NO.PZ2019103001000017

问题如下:

Soto explains to Hudgens that the underlying duration-matching strategy is based on the following three assumptions.

1. Yield curve shifts in the future will be parallel.

2. Bond types and quality will closely match those of the liabilities.

3. The portfolio will be rebalanced by buying or selling bonds rather than using derivatives.

Soto’s three assumptions regarding the duration-matching strategy indicate the presence of:

选项:

A.

model risk.

B.

spread risk.

C.

counterparty credit risk.

解释:

A is correct.

Soto believes that any shift in the yield curve will be parallel. Model risk arises whenever assumptions are made about future events and approximations are used to measure key parameters. The risk is that those assumptions turn out to be wrong and the approximations are inaccurate. A non-parallel yield curve shift could occur, resulting in a mismatch of the duration of the immunizing portfolio versus the liability.

他提出了3个假设,第一个假设是平行移动,但是假设错了,现实中经常非平行移动,所以引入了model risk。

那他第二个假设是资产负债匹配,也是错的呀,因为现实中很难资产、负债的利率同步变动呀?那不就引入了spread risk吗?

1 个答案
已采纳答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2021年03月23日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


他提出了3个假设,第一个假设是平行移动,但是假设错了,现实中经常非平行移动,所以引入了model risk。


对的~与现实不符的假设属于Model risk。


那他第二个假设是资产负债匹配,也是错的呀,因为现实中很难资产、负债的利率同步变动呀?那不就引入了spread risk吗?


这么理解也算对,由于假设不靠谱,首先是Model risk,然后按照不靠谱的assumption,实际在做Duration-matching时,引入了Spread risk。


只看Assumption 2,他肯定是Model risk,因为他与现实不符,这点直接可判断。


但只看Assumption 2本身无法看出来有Spread risk,因为仅仅看这个假设Assumption 2,他实际上会消除Spread risk,因为他设计的目的是让影响资产、负债的利率达到一致。这道题也是让我们选出3个Assumption体现了啥风险,这个Assumption自身无法直接体现Spread risk,因此不选Spread risk。


Assumption 2是与现实不符的假设,他首先是Model risk。


如果我们真实在做Duration-matching策略时,可能很难找到资产、负债在种类、对应利率、类型完全一致的情形,因此现实中还会有Spread risk。但这个Spread risk并不是Assumption 2引起的,assumption 2本身是为了降低Spread risk而设计的,为啥还会在引入Spread risk,就是因为Assumption 2是个不靠谱的假设。

本题是问3个假设体现了啥风险,仅仅看Assumption 2是不存在Spread risk的。


下面贴上之前上面一道提问的回复:

其实只需判断题干3个Assumption体现了啥风险即可。无需在引申了。那具体再说一下:


本题是问:题干条件里的3个关于Duration-matching的Assumption,体现了啥风险。


仅仅看假设本身,Assumption 2:bond types and quality closely match those of liabilities并不会体现Spread risk。


反而,Assumption 2是尽可能消除Spread risk的。如果我们能够依照Assumption 2做策略的话,我们知道一定可以消除Spread risk。因为Assumption 2设定的目的,就是解决资产、负债的利率变动不同步的问题。如果现实中能按照Assumption 2来做策略,那影响资产、负债的利率变动就会同步,即,消除Spread risk。


所以,单看assumption 2的话,这个假设的设计目的就是解决Spread risk的;所以仅仅从Assumption本身出发,Assumption 2并不引出Spread risk;

我们这道题,是问3个Assumption体现了啥风险,从Assumption 2本身来看,无法体现Spread risk,反而Assumption 2是用来解决Spread risk的。


但是,我们都知道在现实生活中(以及Duration-matching的理论上),Assumption 2比较难实现,这个假设并不靠谱。所以,从Assumption 2自身来看,这个Assumption 2很容易判断出来是和现实不符合、脱离实际情况的假设,所以他体现的是Model risk:

The risk is that those assumptions turn out to be wrong and the approximations are inaccurate.


也正是由于Assumption 2不靠谱,所以我们在学正式的Duration-matching策略时,并没有这一条假设。


另外需注意,这道题是Soto同学自己做Duration-matching时,提出了3个假设;这道题里面的3个假设只适用于本题的背景;脱离这道题的情景,这3个假设不是我们理论上学的做Duration-matching策略的假设。


可是现实中很难达成呀,他这个assumption不就是错了么,如果错了的话,不就是引入了spread risk了吗?

对的,这个Assumption本身与现实不符,是Model risk。但仅看Assumption 2本身,并不会有Spread risk。本题刚好也是让我们基于他的3个Assumption来判断体现了啥风险,而Assumption 2无法体现出Spread risk。


但是我们这道题引申一下,基于以上3个Assumption实际做Duration-matching策略,首先是有Model risk,因为假设不靠谱;其次是现实中实现资产、负债的质量、类型、对应利率完全同步也比较难,这体现了Spread risk。

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