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三言午寺 · 2020年06月04日

问一道题:NO.PZ2018062016000136

问题如下:

According to the evidence of rejecting the null hypothesis, which of the following statements is most accurate?(Assume that the level of significance is represented by α)

选项:

A.

When the p-value is lower than α, the p-value is higer, the evidence is stronger.

B.

When the p-value is higher than α, the p-value is lower, the evidence is stronger.

C.

When the p-value is lower than α, the p-value is lower, the evidence is stronger.

解释:

C is correct. The p-value is the smallest level of significance(α) at which the null hypothesis can be rejected for a given value of the test statistic. The p-value is lower, the evidence of rejecting the null hypothesisthe is stronger.

B选项说的也是“越小越拒绝”,为什么不选B呢?

2 个答案
已采纳答案

星星_品职助教 · 2020年06月04日

@三言午寺

首先B选项要排除,因为p-value大于了α,这个时候无法拒绝原假设,并不存在“ evidence of rejecting the null hypothesis”,p再怎么小都没有意义了

A和C选项都可以拒绝原假设,在这个前提下,p越小,越拒绝,也就是p越小,拒绝原假设的evidence越“strong”,C选项正确。A选项说反了,并不是p越高evidence越stronger

 

星星_品职助教 · 2020年06月04日

同学你好,

B选项是“ the p-value is higher than α”,p已经比α高了,此时不管p大还是p小,都已经无法拒绝原假设了,“越小越拒绝”的结论在这个大前提下是不适用的,因为没法“拒绝”