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swisswind · 2019年11月05日

问一道题:NO.PZ2018110601000033

问题如下:

Exhibit 1 Grey Family: Personal and Financial Information:

Personal Information:

1. Estimated present value of the Greys’ future earnings is $3,900,000.

2. The family has two children, ages 10 and 8. Cost of four years of university for the two children, with an estimated present value of $250,000.

3. Purchase of a vacation home in the next five years, with an estimated present value of $325,000.

4. Estimated present value of the Grahams’ future consumption is $3,500,000.

 

Financial Information:

 

Using the data in Exhibit 1, the Greys’ economic net worth (in thousands) is closest to:

选项:

A.

$755

B.

$679

C.

$854

解释:

B is correct.

考点:economic balance sheet

解析:economic balance sheet不仅包含了传统的资产和负债,还包含了extended assets & liabilities,例如养老金、未来消费的现值。所以计算过程中既要包含表格中的财务信息,也要包含表格上方的4条个人信息。其中,

Total economic assets = PV of future earnings+ Checking account+ Taxable investment account+ Residence=3900+27+625+525=$5077 (in thousands)

Total economic liabilities= PV of education + vacation home+ PV of future consumption+ Residential mortgage+ Outstanding balance on line of credit=250+325+3500+285+38=$4398 (in thousands)

所以Economic net worth=5077-4398=679 (in thousands)

买度假房为什么只增加负债,为什么不同时增加资产?

3 个答案
已采纳答案

Shimin_CPA税法主讲、CFA教研 · 2019年11月06日

买度假房是未来发生的事,对于计划要去实现的目标,只能算作负债。资产,只有在买入到手之后才能计入economic balance sheet。

这个问题提的挺好的。你可以换个角度想,如果买度假房可以同时增加资产和负债,那我只要胆子大,economic balance sheet也可以无限扩大。举个例子,我可以计划未来买房、买飞机、甚至买航空母舰,以此扩大资产和负债的规模,但这些夸张的计划对于我的资产配置毫无帮助。只有把计划实现的目标作为负债,以此对资产端做合理的规划,才能做好资产配置。

Ronnie YIN · 2019年11月08日

但是求的是net wealth,等于是equity, 应该不会增加net wealth。

每天都想出坑的铁头娃 · 2019年12月13日

教研好!这里我也有疑问。首先我充分理解您所说的,B/S可以无限扩大,没有意义。但是房产还没买和航空母舰还没买都属于“梦想”,那么这种尚未发生的是不是可以直接忽略呢?我觉得您的解释背后的逻辑其实是保守估计。

Shimin_CPA税法主讲、CFA教研 · 2019年12月16日

资产端不包含未来潜在投资的,这个人要5年后买房子,我不能现在把这个计入资产,但是买到了之后,是可以计入资产的,还没买不能计入。economic BS中的负债是PV of consumption needs,bequest goals,其实就是未来的潜在支出,不仅仅是未来的消费,未来的投资支出也算。如果负债这边忽略了尚未发生的,那economic BS和traditional BS的负债数就是一样的了。

Shimin_CPA税法主讲、CFA教研 · 2019年11月08日

@殷铭 不太明白你所说的 “不会增加net wealth”。可以参考economic balance sheet的定义,相比传统报表, net wealth 的计算增加了人力资本、养老金,扣减了消费、遗嘱等目标。未来需要购买的房子属于目标,但不属于前面的人力资本、养老金,所以只影响到了负债端。

SUN · 2019年11月13日

您写的那个目标是指bequest goals吧。房地产属于资产,用现金未来去购买了房地产,为啥只算负债?我现在计划五年后花500万买一套房子,房子现值值500万,按照这个答案的逻辑,只是负债增加了500万?

Shimin_CPA税法主讲、CFA教研 · 2019年12月16日

不好意思,刚看到这条追问。是的,如果计划要5年后买房子,我不能现在把这个计入资产,买到了之后,是可以计入资产的,还没买不能计入。未来的消费,未来的投资支出,只计入负债,不计入资产

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