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yvonne_ji · 2025年06月29日

为什么不选B

NO.PZ2023041102000039

问题如下:

Banantoumou believes that the Sagara economy relies too heavily on the export of natural rubber. He is convinced that significant industrial capital investment will persuade foreign direct investors that he is serious about economic development. He announces that the Sagara government will construct a large tire factory to take advantage of the country's rubber resources. Banantoumou expects that as a result of this investment, per capita productivity will rise rapidly driving rapid growth in GDP.

N'Diarra is not as optimistic. She warns Banantoumou that Sagara could fall prey to a resource curse known as the Dutch disease. As demand from the tire factory drives up the price of rubber, capital flows out of the country and the local currency could depreciate rapidly. This situation can be prevented if foreign investors are allowed to own rubber plantations directly rather than just having access through international markets.

N'Diarra's warning regarding the resource curse and its prevention is most likely incorrect with respect to:

选项:

A.her comments about both currency depreciation and direct ownership of rubber plantations. B.her comment about owning rubber plantations directly. C.her comment about currency depreciation.

解释:

Both her comments are incorrect. In the Dutch disease scenario, currency appreciation driven by strong export demand for resources makes other segments of the economy, in particular manufacturing, globally uncompetitive. She is also incorrect regarding direct ownership of the rubber plantations by foreigners; access to natural resources is essential but ownership is not.

她的两个评论都不正确。在荷兰病情景中,由对资源的强劲出口需求会驱动的货币升值,使经济的其他部门,特别是制造业,在全球失去竞争力。她关于外国人直接拥有橡胶种植园的说法也是不正确的;获得自然资源至关重要,但所有权并非如此。

她描述的depreciation正好和荷兰病是反的。因为荷兰病会导致appreciation, 因此国家自建工厂,出口轮胎而不是橡胶本身,用技术升级替代了自然资源,使橡胶涨价资本流出,阻止本币升值呀。那么her comments about currency depreciation为什么不对呢?请老师为我解答一下,谢谢!

1 个答案

笛子_品职助教 · 2025年06月30日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


她描述的depreciation正好和荷兰病是反的。因为荷兰病会导致appreciation, 因此国家自建工厂,出口轮胎而不是橡胶本身,用技术升级替代了自然资源,使橡胶涨价资本流出,阻止本币升值呀。那么her comments about currency depreciation为什么不对呢?请老师为我解答一下,谢谢!


Hello,亲爱的同学~

我们看文中这一段:

N'Diarra is not as optimistic. She warns Banantoumou that Sagara could fall prey to a resource curse known as the Dutch disease. As demand from the tire factory drives up the price of rubber, capital flows out of the country and the local currency could depreciate rapidly. This situation can be prevented if foreign investors are allowed to own rubber plantations directly rather than just having access through international markets.


翻译为:

N'Diarra并不那么乐观。她警告Banantoumou,萨加拉可能会成为一种被称为荷兰病的资源诅咒的牺牲品。随着轮胎厂的需求推高了橡胶价格,资本外流,本币可能迅速贬值。如果允许外国投资者直接拥有橡胶种植园,而不仅仅是通过国际市场进入,这种情况是可以预防的。



她先说:有荷兰病。

随后又描述了,与荷兰病相反的一种场景。

她说的两点本身自相矛盾了。


因此我们需判断,这个国家是有荷兰病,还是与荷兰病相反。

目前判断出来,是有荷兰病。

因为无论是直接出口橡胶,还是把橡胶制成轮胎,这个国家都是依赖橡胶资源出口(轮胎也同样依赖橡胶资源,只是资源加工)来赚钱。

虽然依赖出口资源,会使其他制造业失去竞争力,但出口资源这个事情本身,就会使货币升值。



为什么不选B

这里结合讲义知识点:



书本上原意是:一个国家的发展需要自然资源,但是并不一定需要本国有这个自然资源(ownership),它可以去别的国家买自然资源。所以有些没有自然资源的国家也会发展得好。


结合本题,对于需要自然资源的外国来说,可以购买自然资源,不一定要拥有自然资源的所有权。


----------------------------------------------
努力的时光都是限量版,加油!

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