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宇宙球求 · 2025年05月09日

请问如果要增加敞口,为什么不long fixed rate?

NO.PZ2022090602000054

问题如下:

Moynahan and Gayle continue their discussion about the presentation and debate several potential subjects to include on page 5. Gayle suggests assessing the use of leverage in the portfolios. They decide to present a scenario where the portfolio is fully invested, but given their outlook for a decline in interest rates, they want to increase the portfolio’s investment exposure. The portfolio and the benchmark both currently have the same duration.

What trades can Moynahan most likely make to accomplish the objective outlined on page 5 of his presentation?

选项:

A.

Enter into a fixed-rate payer swap contract

B.

Buy long bond futures contracts

C.

Sell an overnight repurchase agreement

Solution

解释:

B is correct. To accomplish Moynahan’s objective of increasing the investment exposure of a fully invested portfolio, he would buy long bond futures. Futures contracts embed significant leverage because they permit the counterparties to gain exposure to a large quantity of the underlying asset without having to actually transact in the asset.

A is incorrect because entering into a fixed-rate payer swap contract would not increase the portfolio’s investment exposure.

C is incorrect because selling an overnight repurchase agreement would not increase the portfolio’s investment exposure.

如果在预计利率下降的情景下,要提升组合久期、获取更高回报。 Enter into a fixed-rate payer swap contract 不是就是增加相应敞口嘛?

1 个答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2025年05月11日

fixed-rate payer swap的duration为负数,是降低组合的duration。

fixed-rate receiver swap的duration为正数,使用这个swap可以增加组合的duration。


swap需要明确是收到fixed rate,还是支付fixed rate,两个swap的duration不一样。

如果是收到fixed rate,这是一个receive fixed pay floating swap,这个duration为正。确实可以增加duration敞口。


因为receive fixed rate定期收到固定利率cash flow,这相当于是long fixed rate bond头寸;

pay floating定期支付浮动利率,这相当于发行了一个floating-rate bond,是short头寸。

所以receive fixed pay floating swap的头寸相当于是:long fixed-rate bond + short floating rate bond

因为fixed rate bond的duration更大,所以这个头寸的净duration为正。使用他确实可以增加组合的duration。


如果是receive floating pay fixed swap,注意这是支付fixed rate,支付固定利率相当于是发行了固定利率债券,是short fixed rate bond,且定期收到floating,这是long floating rate bond。

所以receive floating pay fixed swap = short fixed-rate bond + long floating rate bond

因为fixed-rate bond的duration更大,所以这个swap的净duration为负数。

所以使用选项A的fixed rate payer swap会降低组合的duration。

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