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Hcying🌬 · 2025年03月24日

capital structure怎么理解

NO.PZ2018123101000107

问题如下:

Cromwell works with another analyst, George Hastings, to discuss credit scoring and credit rating models. Hastings starts the conversation by saying, “Credit scoring models are primarily applied to consumers or small business borrowers. In some cases, only negative information, such as delinquencies or defaults, are used, while other models use a mix of factors, such as payment history and recent credit searches.” The focus of credit scores is the probability of default. Hastings continues, “Credit ratings, on the other hand, are used in the corporate and sovereign bond market and also for asset-backed securities. Ratings are focused on probability of default. Credit rating agencies, such as Standard & Poor’s, consider the loss given default by means of notching, which adjusts the issue rating to reflect the priority of claims in the capital structure."

Are Hastings’s comments regarding credit scores and credit ratings most likely correct?

选项:

A.

Yes

B.

No, he is incorrect with regard to credit scores.

C.

No, he is incorrect with regard to credit ratings.

解释:

Hastings’s comments regarding both credit scores and credit ratings are correct.

讲义里说的是 to reflect the priority of claim for specific debt

1 个答案

吴昊_品职助教 · 2025年03月25日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


Capital Structure(资本结构)指的是企业的融资方式,包括股权融资和债务融资的组合。在信用评级的背景下,它主要涉及公司不同层级的债务如何被偿还的顺序。

在讲义中的描述 "to reflect the priority of claim for specific debt" 说明信用评级机构(如S&P)会考虑资本结构中不同债务工具的优先级。例如,优先债(senior debt)比次级债(subordinated debt)在破产清算时有更高的清偿优先级。因此,评级机构会对不同层级的债务进行“notching”(调整评级),以反映它们在资本结构中的不同清偿顺序和违约损失风险。

简单来说,资本结构影响信用评级,因为它决定了在公司违约时,不同债务持有人的索赔优先级。

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