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Taryn · 2025年01月16日

underfunded plan

NO.PZ2022122801000040

问题如下:

Sarzi was recently hired as the investment advisor for the ZTA Corporation pension fund. The current market value of the pension fund’s assets is USD 10 billion, and the present value of the fund’s liabilities is USD 8 billion. The fund has been managed using an asset-only approach, but Sarzi recommends that the risk-averse ZTA board of directors consider adopting a liability-relative method, specifically the hedging/return-seeking portfolio approach.

Sarzi assumes that the returns of the fund’s liabilities are driven by changes in the returns of index-linked government bonds. Exhibit 2 presents three potential asset allocation choices for the pension fund.

Exhibit 2 Potential Asset Allocation Choices for ZTA Corporation’s Pension Fund

B. Determine which asset allocation would be most appropriate for the pension fund given Sarzi’s recommendation. Justify your response.

选项:

解释:

老师, 这一题一个under funded的pension, 想换成hedging/return seeking approach.

我的问题是, hedging/return seeking approach不是适合over funded plan 吗?

还有就是课上说, underfunded plan需要投的激进一些, 那么underfunded plan的risk tolerance是什么样的?


1 个答案

Lucky_品职助教 · 2025年01月16日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


同学你好:


hedge/return seeking是将一块蛋糕切成两块,变成hedging portfolio(A=L)和return-seeking portfolio(A>L),hedging部分用于cover liability,return-seeking部分追求收益。overfunded是hedge/return seeking的必要条件,同时也是这个方法的缺点。


首先我们要清楚的是,在DB里,风险承受能力的高低,并不会直接导致真实的投资激进或是保守,因为DB这类机构投资者的特点,整体上就是Asset-liability investing,是兼顾资产与负债的投资,是要让资产的增值与负债的增长同步,要维持Funded status,同时保持购买力,也就是至少要实现一个inflation的收益。所以DB plan的投资目标不是仅仅满足产生现金流支付Payout 的要求,还需要投资增值型头寸来保证购买力,同时降低Underfunded status。

 具体说来,当DB处于overfunded状态时,资产除了满足负债外,还有剩余,所以这个时候,它的风险承受能力比较高,能容忍一定程度的亏损或是资产减值,而且这个时候投资策略不需要激进,因为目标已经满足。

但是当DB处于underfunded状态时,只要是处于资不抵债的状态,DB的风险承受能力就必然会下降,它承受不起再多的亏损了。但是至于接下来投资是激进还是保守,还要看雇主是否有能力继续contribution,如果有contribution,那DB还是会继续保守的投资,因为虽然我现在亏了,但是还是会有现金流入,来满足未来的支付,所以就不需要冒险。但是如果underfunded,并且还没有contribution了,DB可不像我们个人投资,亏了,没能力补仓,就及时止损平仓了,DB是不能不玩的,它必须要继续,因为未来还有那么多的法律支付义务等着它履行,所以在这种情况,它就必须要投资的激进一些,来尽快恢复到overfunded状态。


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