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周梅 · 2024年10月22日

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* 问题详情，请查看题干

NO.PZ201512020800000101

问题如下：

1. Based upon Exhibit 1, the forward premium (discount) for a 360-day INR/GBP forward contract is closest to:

选项：

A.

–1.546.

B.

1.546

C.

1.576

解释：

C is correct.

The equation to calculate the forward premium (discount) is:

$F_{f/d}-S_{fld}=S_{f/d}(\frac{\lbrack{\displaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack}{1+i_d\lbrack{\displaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack})(i_f-i_d)$

$S_{f/d}$ is the spot rate with GBP the base currency or d, and INR the foreign currency or $< e m > f < / e m > . S_{f / d}$ per Exhibit 1 is 79.5093, i f is equal to 7.52% and i d is equal to 5.43%.

With GBP as the base currency (i.e. the “domestic” currency) in the INR/GBP quote, substituting in the relevant base currency values from Exhibit 1 yields the following:

$F_{f/d}-S_{f/d}=79.5093(\frac{\lbrack{\displaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack}{1+0.0543\lbrack{\displaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack})(0.0752-0.0543)$

$F_{f/d}-S_{f/d}=79.5093(\frac1{1.0543})(0.0752-0.0543)$

$F_{f/d}-S_{f/d}=1.576$

考点：利率平价公式的计算.

解析： Covered IRP:

$F_{f/d}-S_{fld}=S_{f/d}(\frac{\lbrack{\displaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack}{1+i_d\lbrack{\displaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack})(i_f-i_d)$

其中，GBP代表的是本币，而INR代表的是外币，于是直接代入数字到上述公式中可得：

$F_{f/d}-S_{f/d}=79.5093(\frac{\lbrack{\displaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack}{1+0.0543\lbrack{\displaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack})(0.0752-0.0543)$

$F_{f/d}-S_{f/d}=79.5093(\frac1{1.0543})(0.0752-0.0543)$

$F_{f/d}-S_{f/d}=1.576$

Using the crude oil futures prices in Exhibit 1, who would most likelyaccount for the lowest roll return until March?C

A. An airline hedging fuel costs

B. The QA Energy Commodities Fund

C. A crude oil producer hedging production

A crude oil producer would be short futures to hedge the risk of future falling prices. For example, falling prices would decrease future sales and income. Crude oil futures are in backwardation, causing successive futures contracts to be sold at lower prices and causing roll yield to be negative.Introduction to Commodities and Commodity Der

没懂，什么意思,老师讲解下

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笛子_品职助教 · 2024年10月23日

嗨，爱思考的PZer你好：

期货价格是贴水的。

如果做多期货价格，相当于买得便宜，有利。

如果做空期货价格，相当于卖得便宜，不利。

本题要求选择Lowest roll return，选不利的。

也就是选卖空期货的。

ABC里，只有C是需要卖空期货的。

A是航空公司，航空公司作为原油的需求方，需买入原油期货。

B无所谓买入卖出，做投机的。

C是石油公司，石油公司作为原油的供应方，需卖出原油期货。

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NO.PZ201512020800000101 问题如下 1. Baseupon Exhibit 1, the forwarpremium (scount) for a 360-y INR/Gforwarcontrais closest to: A.–1.546. B.1.546 C.1.576 C is correct.The equation to calculate the forwarpremium (scount) is:Ff/SflSf/[Actual360]1+iActual360])(if−iF_{f/-S_{fl=S_{f/(\frac{\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack}{1+i_lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack})(i_f-i_Ff/−Sfl=Sf/(1+i[360Actual][360Actual])(if−i)Sf/_{f/Sf/ is the spot rate with Gthe base currenor anINR the foreign currenor em f /em .Sf/em f /em .S_{f/ em f /em .Sf/ per Exhibit 1 is 79.5093, i f is equto 7.52% ani is equto 5.43%.With Gthe base curren(i.e. the “mesticurrency) in the INR/Gquote, substituting in the relevant base currenvalues from Exhibit 1 yiel the following:Ff/Sf/79.5093([360360]1+0.0543[360360])(0.0752−0.0543)F_{f/-S_{f/=79.5093(\frac{\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack}{1+0.0543\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack})(0.0752-0.0543)Ff/−Sf/=79.5093(1+0.0543[360360][360360])(0.0752−0.0543)Ff/Sf/79.5093(11.0543)(0.0752−0.0543)F_{f/-S_{f/=79.5093(\frac1{1.0543})(0.0752-0.0543)Ff/−Sf/=79.5093(1.05431)(0.0752−0.0543)Ff/Sf/1.576F_{f/-S_{f/=1.576Ff/−Sf/=1.576考点利率平价公式的计算.解析 CovereIRP:Ff/SflSf/[Actual360]1+iActual360])(if−iF_{f/-S_{fl=S_{f/(\frac{\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack}{1+i_lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack})(i_f-i_Ff/−Sfl=Sf/(1+i[360Actual][360Actual])(if−i)其中，GBP代表的是本币，而INR代表的是外币，于是直接代入数字到上述公式中可得Ff/Sf/79.5093([360360]1+0.0543[360360])(0.0752−0.0543)F_{f/-S_{f/=79.5093(\frac{\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack}{1+0.0543\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack})(0.0752-0.0543)Ff/−Sf/=79.5093(1+0.0543[360360][360360])(0.0752−0.0543)Ff/Sf/79.5093(11.0543)(0.0752−0.0543)F_{f/-S_{f/=79.5093(\frac1{1.0543})(0.0752-0.0543)Ff/−Sf/=79.5093(1.05431)(0.0752−0.0543)Ff/Sf/1.576F_{f/-S_{f/=1.576Ff/−Sf/=1.576 Baseon the ta in Exhibit 1, Ahn woulmost likely conclu that:A.the basis for heating oil futures is 0.0030.B.lumber futures offer the greatest calenr spreaC.the cru oil futures markets are in a state of backwartion.A positive calenr spreis associatewith futures markets thare in backwartion, wherea negative calenr spreis associatewith futures markets thare in contango. Lumber futures have successively higher prices anare in contango.Ahn woulconclu ththe cru oil futures markets are in a state of backwartion, whiexists when the spot priexcee the futures price, it es in the January cru oil futures contract.B 为什么不对，答案C为什么对， 3月和1月的远期价格一样，也能是backwartion,？

2024-10-22 03:24 1 · 回答

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2024-10-21 21:45 1 · 回答

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2024-10-21 21:28 1 · 回答

NO.PZ201512020800000101 问题如下 1. Baseupon Exhibit 1, the forwarpremium (scount) for a 360-y INR/Gforwarcontrais closest to: A.–1.546. B.1.546 C.1.576 C is correct.The equation to calculate the forwarpremium (scount) is:Ff/SflSf/[Actual360]1+iActual360])(if−iF_{f/-S_{fl=S_{f/(\frac{\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack}{1+i_lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack})(i_f-i_Ff/−Sfl=Sf/(1+i[360Actual][360Actual])(if−i)Sf/_{f/Sf/ is the spot rate with Gthe base currenor anINR the foreign currenor em f /em .Sf/em f /em .S_{f/ em f /em .Sf/ per Exhibit 1 is 79.5093, i f is equto 7.52% ani is equto 5.43%.With Gthe base curren(i.e. the “mesticurrency) in the INR/Gquote, substituting in the relevant base currenvalues from Exhibit 1 yiel the following:Ff/Sf/79.5093([360360]1+0.0543[360360])(0.0752−0.0543)F_{f/-S_{f/=79.5093(\frac{\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack}{1+0.0543\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack})(0.0752-0.0543)Ff/−Sf/=79.5093(1+0.0543[360360][360360])(0.0752−0.0543)Ff/Sf/79.5093(11.0543)(0.0752−0.0543)F_{f/-S_{f/=79.5093(\frac1{1.0543})(0.0752-0.0543)Ff/−Sf/=79.5093(1.05431)(0.0752−0.0543)Ff/Sf/1.576F_{f/-S_{f/=1.576Ff/−Sf/=1.576考点利率平价公式的计算.解析 CovereIRP:Ff/SflSf/[Actual360]1+iActual360])(if−iF_{f/-S_{fl=S_{f/(\frac{\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack}{1+i_lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{Actual}{360}}\rbrack})(i_f-i_Ff/−Sfl=Sf/(1+i[360Actual][360Actual])(if−i)其中，GBP代表的是本币，而INR代表的是外币，于是直接代入数字到上述公式中可得Ff/Sf/79.5093([360360]1+0.0543[360360])(0.0752−0.0543)F_{f/-S_{f/=79.5093(\frac{\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack}{1+0.0543\lbrack{\splaystyle\frac{360}{360}}\rbrack})(0.0752-0.0543)Ff/−Sf/=79.5093(1+0.0543[360360][360360])(0.0752−0.0543)Ff/Sf/79.5093(11.0543)(0.0752−0.0543)F_{f/-S_{f/=79.5093(\frac1{1.0543})(0.0752-0.0543)Ff/−Sf/=79.5093(1.05431)(0.0752−0.0543)Ff/Sf/1.576F_{f/-S_{f/=1.576Ff/−Sf/=1.576 For a non-vinpaying stock, American-style call option’s value ccalculatebaseon the present value of expectefuture cash flows because American-style call options anEuropean-style call options cscribeaninterpretesimilarly anbecause the no-arbitrage approaapplies to each.” Laurens’s statement about the no-arbitrage approais correin its referento both European-style options anAmerican-style options. Unr the binomimols, option’s value is equto the present value of expectefuture payoffs unr a risk neutrprobability with the scount factor being the risk free interest rate. The multiperiobinomimol approaches equivalento the BSM mol the time steps shorten (i.e., a large number of short anequtime steps)老师这个知识点再讲解下

2024-10-21 20:27 1 · 回答