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aeiou · 2024年08月04日

老师麻烦讲解下B选项为什么不对

NO.PZ2023032703000012

问题如下:

Shield states that his return expectation for a portfolio of corporate bonds is 3%–6% per annum over a 10-year period. Edge questions whether that level of return is sufficient for Derran and offers the following suggestions with respect to increasing portfolio returns.

Suggestion 1 Overweight the portfolio with bonds of highly leveraged companies because their yields generally exceed those of companies that have lower debt levels.

Suggestion 2 Consider using inverse floaters and fixed-rate receiver swaps in order to position the portfolio to benefit from any decline in interest rates over the 10-year market cycle.

Suggestion 3 Enter into repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions with counterparties that are conservatively leveraged.

Which one of Edge’s suggestions least likely uses portfolio leverage to increase returns? (2019 mock AM)

选项:

A.

Suggestion 3

B.

Suggestion 2

C.

Suggestion 1

解释:

Adding bonds of highly leveraged companies does not involve the use of leverage. The following methods of leverage may be used to increase portfolio returns relative to an unleveraged portfolio: (1) futures contracts, (2) swap agreements, (3) structured financial instruments, (4) repurchase agreements, and (5) securities lending. Each of these methods adds leverage to an unleveraged portfolio, including, as in this example, an unleveraged portfolio of bonds from highly leveraged companies.

以及inverse floaters 不太理解

1 个答案
已采纳答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2024年08月06日

Floater就是Floating rate bond,他的coupon rate是基于市场参考利率MRR,如:

Coupon rate = MRR + 1%

1%是根据债券发行时的信用风险定的Quoted margin,MRR是市场上的参考利率,会随着市场情况的改变而改变。


而Inverse floating,是在MRR前面有一个负号,如:

Coupon rate = 10% - MRR

这个inverse floater的收益和市场利率MRR的改变是相反的。

即,当MRR上升时,inverse floater的coupo rate降低;当MRR下降时,Inverse floater的coupon rate上升。所以在市场利率下降时,inverse floater反而会更好。


选项B说,未来的利率将会下降,现在要从利率下降受益。那可以使用inverse floater。这个说法完全正确,因为利率下降时,参考上面的inverse floater公式,可知coupon rate是上升的。

同时,选项B说,利率下降时,fixed-rate receiver swap也会受益。这个说法也是完全正确的,因为fixed-rate receiver swap是收到固定cash flow,支付浮动利率。当市场利率下降时,支付的浮动利率会下降,而收到的固定cash flow却不变,整体的净收益是上升的:

Consider using inverse floaters and fixed-rate receiver swaps in order to position the portfolio to benefit from any decline in interest rates over the 10-year market cycle


选项B的两个策略在利率下降时,确实是会提升收益的。所以不选B.

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