C选项解释能具体点么

问题如下：

QuestionLet's say wages and prices are rigid. So which of the following policy combinations is most likely to lead to a higher private sector share of GDP?

选项：

A.

Expansionary fiscal policy and contractionary monetary policy

B.

Contractionary monetary policy and contractionary fiscal policy

C.

Contractionary fiscal policy and expansionary monetary policy

解释：

Solution

1. Incorrect because expansionary fiscal policy, involving tax cuts or increased government spending, may lead to higher aggregate output. However, if it is accompanied by contractionary monetary policy (reduction in money supply) to offset the fiscal expansion, it will result in higher interest rates, negatively impacting private sector demand. Consequently, the private sector's share of GDP may not increase, and the government's share could grow.
2. Incorrect because when both contractionary monetary policy and contractionary fiscal policy are implemented, interest rates tend to rise, leading to reduced private sector demand. Additionally, higher taxes and decreased government spending result in a drop in aggregate demand from both the public and private sectors. As a result, the private sector's share of GDP may not necessarily increase under this policy combination.
3. Correct because if contractionary fiscal policy (reduced government spending) is coupled with expansionary monetary policy (maintaining low interest rates), the private sector is likely to be stimulated, leading to an increase in its share of GDP. Simultaneously, the public sector's share may decrease due to reduced government spending.
   

Monetary Policy

•

A不正确,是因为扩张性财政政策，包括减税或增加政府支出，可能导致总产出增加。然而，如果它伴随着紧缩性货币政策(减少货币供应)来抵消财政扩张，它将导致利率上升，对私人部门的需求产生负面影响。因此，私营部门占GDP的份额可能不会增加，而政府的份额可能会增加。

B不正确，是因为当紧缩性货币政策和紧缩性财政政策同时实施时，利率往往会上升，从而导致私人部门需求减少。此外，更高的税收和减少的政府支出导致公共和私营部门的总需求下降。因此，在这种政策组合下，私营部门占GDP的份额可能不一定会增加。

C正确，因为如果紧缩的财政政策(减少政府支出)与扩张性的货币政策(维持低利率)相结合，私人部门可能会受到刺激，导致其占GDP的份额增加。同时，由于政府开支减少，公共部门的份额可能会下降。