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熊孩纸 · 2024年05月29日

房客和所有者

  1. ESG
  2. ESG analysis, valuation and integration

NO.PZ2022120703000069

问题如下：

The split incentive problem in real estate energy costs most likely refers to different motives between the:

选项：

A.owner and the tenant.

B.tenant and the operator.

C.owner and the constructor.

解释：

A is correct because in "commercial and residential real estate…the tenants and operators might think differently to the owners and constructors (sometimes called a ‘split incentive problem’) as tenants must pay ongoing energy bills, which constructors do not."

B is incorrect because in "commercial and residential real estate…the tenants and operators might think differently to the owners and constructors (sometimes called a ‘split incentive problem’) as tenants must pay ongoing energy bills, which constructors do not."

C is incorrect because in "commercial and residential real estate…the tenants and operators might think differently to the owners and constructors (sometimes called a ‘split incentive problem’) as tenants must pay ongoing energy bills, which constructors do not."

请问原句中也提到了constructor和operator，如果选项中说是这两者的冲突，会是对的吗？

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1 个答案

王岑 · 2024年05月31日

嗨，努力学习的PZer你好：


split incentive problem主要指的是在商业和住宅房地产中，不同利益相关者之间由于动机不同而产生的矛盾，特别是涉及能源成本时。业主可能更关注建筑物的初始建设成本和整体投资回报，而不是运营过程中产生的能源成本。业主希望尽可能降低建筑成本，以增加其投资回报率。租户则更关心建筑物的能源效率和持续运营成本，因为他们是支付日常能源账单的人。高效的能源系统可以减少租户的日常开支。

这种不同的动机可能导致业主不愿意在能源效率方面进行高投入的初始投资，因为他们不会直接受益于日常运营中的节能效果，而租户则希望建筑物具备更高的能源效率以降低他们的能源费用。

题目中提到了“constructor（建筑商）”和“operator（运营商）”，但如果题目中选项说的是这两者的冲突，也是不对的。因为运营商可能关注建筑物的整体管理和维护，确保其正常运转，但他们不一定直接支付能源账单。租户支付能源账单，因此他们关心的是如何降低这些持续的成本。

虽然运营商和租户在建筑物的日常运营中有交集，但他们之间的冲突也不被称为split incentive problem，这个术语主要用于描述业主和租户之间由于不同的成本负担而产生的矛盾。

业主和建筑商（Owner and Constructor）：建筑商的主要关注点在于按时完成建筑项目，并在预算内完工。他们对建筑物的长期能源效率可能不那么关心。业主则更关心建筑物的长期性能，包括其能源效率和运营成本。

尽管业主和建筑商之间可能存在利益冲突，但这并不是典型的split incentive problem，因为这通常指的是长期运营成本（如能源费用）由租户承担，而初始投资由业主决定。

因此，正确答案是 A. 业主和租户。在这种情况下，业主和租户之间的动机差异最符合split incentive problem的定义，因为租户支付能源账单，而业主决定初始投资和建筑设计。

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