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四年才转正 · 2024年05月14日

没看太懂

NO.PZ2022120703000078

问题如下:

When credit investors argue that downside risk is more important than upside risk, they are most likely focused on:

选项:

A.social factors.

B.governance factors.

C.environmental factors.

解释:

B is correct because "surveys from investors suggest that the G factor remains more important to credit investors than E and S. Credit investors argue this is because downside risk (as in bankruptcy risk and therefore, the chance of losing a credit investor’s entire capital) is more important than any upside or opportunity risk. As G is directly related to preventing downside risk, its direct relevance is easier to trace for credit investors."

A is incorrect because "surveys from investors suggest that the G factor remains more important to credit investors than E and S."

C is incorrect because "surveys from investors suggest that the G factor remains more important to credit investors than E and S."

能帮忙翻译一下题干么?另外没太理解上行、下行风险与E S G各factor的关系,特别是下行风险与G的的关系?总觉得解释比较牵强

1 个答案

王岑 · 2024年05月14日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


题目翻译如下:

当债权人认为下行风险比上行风险更重要时,他们很可能最关注的是:

A. 社会因素。

B. 治理因素。

C. 环境因素。

这道题目B选项是正确的,因为“来自投资者的调查表明,与E和S相比,G对信贷投资者来说更为重要。信贷投资者认为这是因为下行风险(例如破产风险,因此,有失去信贷投资者全部资本的风险)比任何上行或机会风险更为重要。由于G直接与防止下行风险相关,信贷投资者更容易追踪其直接相关性。”

下行风险(Downside Risk)指的是投资价值下跌或损失的潜在可能性。它通常与投资者可能遭受的损失相关联,尤其是当投资表现不如预期时。下行风险可以由多种因素引起,包括市场波动、公司业绩不佳、经济衰退、政策变动等。债权人特别关注下行风险,因为他们担心可能会面临违约风险,即借款人无法偿还债务,导致投资者损失部分或全部投资本金。

上行风险(Upside Risk)则是指投资价值上升或获得额外收益的潜在可能性。这通常与投资表现超过预期相关,为投资者带来额外的收益。上行风险可能源于市场的积极发展、公司业绩超出预期、技术创新、市场需求增加等因素。尽管上行风险通常被视为正面的,但投资者仍需评估市场过热或泡沫风险,以及可能随之而来的大幅回调。

治理因素与下行风险紧密相关,因为良好的公司治理能够显著降低企业运营中可能导致财务损失或破产的风险。这包括确保决策过程的透明度和合理性、建立健全的风险管理体系、提供准确透明的财务报告、遵守法律法规、平衡不同利益相关者的利益、增强市场信心、有效应对危机以及促进公司的长期可持续发展。在信贷投资领域,投资者特别重视治理因素,因为它们直接关系到借款人偿还债务的能力和信誉,从而影响到投资者可能面临的资本损失风险。一个拥有强大治理结构的公司更可能被视为风险较低的投资对象,因为它们能够更有效地管理运营风险,保护债权人的利益。

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虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

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