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华赞 · 2024年04月16日

A不理解

NO.PZ2020010303000009

问题如下:

Either using a Z table or the Excel function NORM.S.DIST, compute

a. Pr(-1.5 < Z < 0), where Z ∼ N(0, 1)

b. Pr(Z < -1.5), where Z ∼ N(0, 1)

c. Pr(-1.5 < X < 0), where X ∼ N(1, 2)

d. Pr(X > 2), where X ∼ N(1, 2)

e. Pr(W > 12), where W ∼ N(3, 9)

解释:

a. 43.3%. In Excel, the command to compute this value is NORM.S.DIST(0,TRUE) – NORM.S.DIST(-1.5,TRUE).

b. 6.7%. In Excel, the command to compute this value is NORM.S.DIST(-1.5,TRUE).

c. 20.1%. In Excel, the command to compute this value is NORM.S.DIST((0 – 1)/SQRT(2),TRUE) – NORM.S.DIST((-1.5-1)/SQRT(2),TRUE).

d. 24.0%. In Excel, the command to compute this value is 1 – NORM.S.DIST((2 – 1)/SQRT(2),TRUE).

e. 0.13%. In Excel, the command to compute this value is 1 – NORM.S.DIST((12 – 3)/3,TRUE).

-1·5

1 个答案

pzqa39 · 2024年04月16日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


要使用标准正态分布表(Z-table)查找 Pr(-1.5 < Z < 0),其中 Z ∼ N(0, 1),即 Z 服从均值为 0、标准差为 1 的标准正态分布,按照以下步骤进行:

确定查找范围:

  • 已知要查找的是 Pr(-1.5 < Z < 0),即 Z 值落在 -1.5 到 0 之间的概率。

查找两个临界值的概率:

  • 分别查找 Z = -1.5 和 Z = 0 对应的概率值。Z-table 通常列出从左侧到右侧的 Z 值及其对应的累积概率(也称作正态分布函数值,记作 Φ(Z) 或 P(Z ≤ z))。
  • 查找 Z = -1.5 的概率: 查找 Z-table 中与 -1.5 对应的那一行 =0.0068
  • 查找 Z = 0 的概率: 因为 Z = 0 是标准正态分布的均值,所以其累积概率= 0.5

计算所需概率:

  • 所求概率 Pr(-1.5 < Z < 0) 实际上是 Z 在 -1.5 和 0 之间取值的累积概率,即:
  • Pr(-1.5 < Z < 0) = Φ(0) - Φ(-1.5)=0.5-0.0068 = 0.433



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就算太阳没有迎着我们而来,我们正在朝着它而去,加油!

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