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努努奔 · 2024年03月20日

周转周期与EAR

NO.PZ2023090505000012

问题如下:

An issuer with limited cash flow is deciding which of its suppliers’ credit terms are least costly. Which of the following credit terms offered to the issuer by its suppliers have the lowest effective interest rate?

选项:

A.

1/10, net 50

B.

2/15, net 40

C.

3/15, net 60

解释:

A is correct. The implicit financing cost that the issuer faces when forgoing a discount that the supplier or vendor offers is based on the amount of the forgone discount and length of the payment period beyond the discount period; 1/10, net 50 would permit the issuer to borrow for 50 − 10 = 40 days at a cost of only 1% of the purchase price (the forgone discount). The calculations for the cost of financing for each set of credit terms, expressed as an effective annual rate, are as follows:


issuer现金流受限,想要选未来能接受被付最少钱的supplier,为了付最少钱,那issuer肯定会选择提早以优惠利率支付,所以用EAR来拉伸到一年内来衡量?

1. 请问图中等式正确吗?是我根据答案写的,但扣减优惠和优惠时间这里我不太理解,求解释,谢谢!



1 个答案
已采纳答案

王琛_品职助教 · 2024年03月20日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


1

首先,我们需要先理解赊销条款的含义哈

比如供应商和你谈的赊销条款是 1/10, net 50。即供货商允许你最晚第 50 天付全款,但是如果你在前 10 天内能付款,可以给你打 1% 的折扣,相当于你只用付 99% 的货款即可

2

那你可能面临两种情况

第一种情况是享受折扣,即在第 10 天付 99% 的货款 (因为前 10 天都是 1% 的折扣,所以一般都会拖到第 10 天)

第二种情况是不享受折扣,即在第 10 天之后付货款,比如可能是第 20 天付 100% 货款,或者是等到第 30 天付 100% 货款

3

所谓的 EAR,指的就是如果你不享受折扣的话,选择在第 10 天之后付 100% 货款,那这里的成本是多少?比如你选择在第 50 天付全款

这里考虑的角度是,相当于第 10 天的时候,借了你 99,然后第 50 天你还了 100,隐含成本高达 9.6%

4

其次,我们再说案例背景

第一句话,其实就是想说,公司现在资金紧张,三个供应商的赊销条款,公司无论最后选择哪个条款,都不会享受折扣,而是会拖到最后一天再付款

5

如果选择 1/10, net 50,那就拖到第 50 天再付款

如果选择 2/15, net 40,那就拖到第 40 天再付款

但是不管选择哪个赊销条款,都有融资成本,有大小有

所以才有所谓的比较融资成本一说

6

最后,解析中的公式,其实和原版书或讲义中的思路一致

课上李老师专门介绍过,建议不使用这种理解的方式,而是采用老师介绍的思路

请参考基础班讲义墨迹版 P182

7

我建议,同学可以再听一下老师的介绍思路

然后重新计算一下这道题,看能否得出正确的答案哈

8

最后,站在出题人的角度,这道题其实把一个公式,考查了三遍,其实计算量是有点大了

考试时,大概率只会让咱们算一遍

所以同学既然碰到这个公式了,建议再听一下老师的思路,把建议的思路掌握扎实即可~

----------------------------------------------
努力的时光都是限量版,加油!

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