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Anne · 2024年02月13日

为何利率I/Y不等于(1+2.5%)/(1+5.75)?

NO.PZ2022122801000046

问题如下:

Remington and Montgomery discuss Isabelle Sebastian. During a recent conversation, Sebastian, a long-term client with a $2,900,000 investment portfolio, reminded Remington that she will soon turn age 65 and wants to update her investment goals as follows:

Goal 1: Over the next 20 years, she needs to maintain her living expenditures, which are currently $120,000 per year (90% probability of success). Inflation is expected to average 2.5% annually over the time horizon, and withdrawals take place at the beginning of the year, starting immediately.

Goal 2: In 10 years, she wants to donate $1,500,000 in nominal terms to a charitable foundation (85% probability of success).

Exhibit 2 provides the details of the two sub-portfolios, including Sebastian’s allocation to the sub-portfolios and the probabilities that they will exceed the expected minimum return.

Exhibit 2 Investment Sub-Portfolios & Minimum Expected Return for Success Rate

Assume 0% correlation between the time horizon portfolios.

Using Exhibit 2, which of the sub-portfolio allocations is most likely to meet both of Sebastian’s goals?

选项:

A.

The current sub-portfolio allocation

B.

A 43% allocation to sub-portfolio BY and a 57% allocation to sub-portfolio CZ

C.

A 37% allocation to sub-portfolio BY and a 63% allocation to sub-portfolio CZ

解释:

Sebastian needs to adjust the sub-portfolio allocation to achieve her goals. By adjusting the allocations to 37%×$2,900,000=$1,073,000 in BY and 63%×$2,900,000 = $1,827,000 in CZ, she will be able to achieve both of her goals based on the confidence intervals.

Goal 1: Sebastian needs to maintain her current living expenditure of $120,000 per year over 20 years with a 90% probability of success. Inflation is expected to average 2.5% annually over the time horizon.

Sub-portfolio CZ should be selected because it has a higher expected return (5.70%) at the 90% probability for the 20-year horizon. Although sub-portfolio CZ has an expected annual return of 7.10%, based on the 90% probability of success requirement, the discount factor is 5.70%.

Goal 1: k = 5.70%; g = 2.50%.

Determine the inflation-adjusted annual cash flow generated by sub-portfolio CZ:


Goal 2: Sebastian wants to contribute $1,500,000 to a charitable foundation in 10 years with an 85% probability of success.

Sub-portfolio BY should be selected because it has a higher expected return (3.60%) at the 85% probability for the 10-year horizon. Although sub-portfolio BY has an expected annual return of 5.70%, based on the 85% probability of success requirement, the discount factor is 3.60%.

Goal 2: k = 3.60%.

Determine the amount needed today in sub-portfolio BY:


这道题在经典题讲义中是6.3题,用的是(1+R)/(1+inflation rate), 而6.4题(含所有章节题目和答案版本的104页)的Goal 2, 也是类似的有inflation,计算用的I/Y是(1+inflation rate)/(1+R)。是其中一个写错了吗

1 个答案

lynn_品职助教 · 2024年02月14日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


这道题在经典题讲义中是6.3题,用的是(1+R)/(1+inflation rate), 而6.4题(含所有章节题目和答案版本的104页)的Goal 2, 也是类似的有inflation,计算用的I/Y是(1+inflation rate)/(1+R)。是其中一个写错了吗


同学,这里是payment*(1+inflation rate)/(1+R)


接着为了求I/Y,把分子放到分母上除,简化I/Y=(1+5.7%)/(1+2.5%)-1=3.12%


我们先来看题干:Goal 1: Over the next 20 years, she needs to maintain her living expenditures, which are currently $120,000 per year (90% probability of success).


根据20年,90%的成功概率,通过查表可以得出选择CZportfolio满足Goal 1,因为BY在这个条件下的minimum expected return为5.2%,而CZ为5.7%,CZ的收益率更高,所以选择CZ。


minimum expected return=5.7%。5.7%是名义利率,当前每年生活费$120,000会以2.5%的通货膨胀率增长,


所以实际利率=(1+5.7%)/(1+2.5%)-1=3.12%.(近似法:5.7%-2.5%=3.2%也可行,计算结果影响不大。)


计算CZ的PV:由于第一笔现金流发生在0时刻,所以要使用计算器BGN模式:


输入N=20, I/Y=3.12, FV=0,PMT=120,000,得出PV=1,820,738.

----------------------------------------------
虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

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