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Min · 2023年11月03日

这道题如果用回转时的税率,B/S怎么平?

NO.PZ2023020602000167

问题如下:

An analyst gathered the following information about a company:

  • Taxable income is $40,000.
  • Pretax income is $50,000.
  • Current tax rate is 50%.
  • Tax rate when the reversal occurs will be 40%.
What is the company's deferred tax liability at the end of year 1?

选项:

A.$3,500. B.$4,000.00 C.$5,000.00

解释:

The tax rate that should be used is the expected tax rate when the liability reverses. The deferred tax liability will be $10,000 x 40% = $4,000.

taxable income = 40k, pretax income = 50k,


左边asset上cash按照现有税率征税:cash: taxable income * current tax rate = -40k * 50% = -20k

右边liability上记DTL: ( pretax income - taxable income) * reversal_tax_rate = 10k * 40% = 4k

右边equity部分NI包含税:-pretax income * current tax rate = -50k * 50% = -25k


左右两边显然不平,那问题出在哪里呢?

1 个答案

lynn_品职助教 · 2023年11月04日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


这里考察的是对TDL概念的理解和运用。


第一个点是计算TDL,税法收入➖会计收入

  • Taxable income is $40,000.
  • Pretax income is $50,000.


我们这一步是在求年末的(AB-TB)是多少


第二点DTL会受新的税率的影响,年末的DTL也要由当时的税率来计算。


左边asset上cash按照现有税率征税:cash: taxable income * current tax rate = -40k * 50% = -20k

右边liability上记DTL: ( pretax income - taxable income) * reversal_tax_rate = 10k * 40% = 4k

右边equity部分NI包含税:-pretax income * current tax rate = -50k * 50% = -25k


左右两边显然不平,那问题出在哪里呢?


同学,我们实际交税也就是影响cash的是tax payable哈


假如我今年赚了100元,按照税法 25%的税率,我需要交25块钱税,所以我的Expense是 25元,这个current tax expense(当期的所得税费用)的概念。

因为我们不是马上就交税的,所以这笔费用,我们计入应交所得税,就是我欠税务局的债务多了25元,tax payable。如果我们实际现金交给税务局了,那么tax payable 就会减少。

tax payable 是符合BASE 法则的。

Tax payable begining + current tax expense - 当期付给税务局的税费 = Tax payable Ending

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