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momo · 2023年09月09日

equity

NO.PZ2023081403000139

问题如下:

Q. What would be the most reasonable explanation of the financial data?

An analyst is evaluating the solvency and liquidity of Apex Manufacturing and has collected the data in Exhibit 1:

Exhibit 1:

Solvency and Liquidity of Apex Manufacturing (euro millions)

选项:

A.The decline in the company’s equity results from a decline in the market value of this company’s common shares.

B.The EUR250 increase in the company’s debt from FY3 to FY5 indicates that lenders are viewing the company as increasingly creditworthy.

C.The decline in the company’s equity indicates that the company may be incurring losses, paying dividends greater than income, or repurchasing shares.

解释:

C is correct. The decline in the company’s equity indicates that the company may be incurring losses, paying dividends greater than income, or repurchasing shares. Recall that Beginning equity – Shares repurchased + Comprehensive income – Dividends = Ending equity. The book value of a company’s equity is not affected by changes in the market value of its common stock. An increased amount of lending does not necessarily indicate that lenders view a company as increasingly creditworthy. Creditworthiness is not evaluated based on how much a company has increased its debt but rather on its willingness and ability to pay its obligations. (Its financial strength is indicated by its solvency, liquidity, profitability, efficiency, and other aspects of credit analysis.)

为什么选c,a错在哪

2 个答案

lynn_品职助教 · 2023年11月26日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


B说公司债的价值增加说明信誉更好了


贷款金额的增加并不一定表明贷款人认为一家公司的信誉越来越高。信誉的评估不是根据公司债务的价值增加了多少来评估的,而是根据其偿还债务的意愿和能力来评估的。(其财务实力通过其偿付能力、流动性、盈利能力、效率和信用分析的其他方面来表示。

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lynn_品职助教 · 2023年09月10日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


equity不受到公司发行在外股票价格的影响,A不对。

影响Equity的就三个部分:

1 发股票、回购股份公司收到的钱和花的钱。

2 Retained earning:净利润NI累积到RE中增加RE,dividend减少RE

3 OCI:美国准则4项,国际准则4+1项。(这个属于二级三级内容)

所有者权益在一开始就根据投入资本确定初始计量,后续计量是按照是否有投资者进行投资。

股价变动是二级市场的事儿,和发行人的资产负债表没有关系。就像你卖给王二一个苹果,收到了十块钱,那么账上记的就是十块,这个苹果在市场上再转手,价格即使涨到了50,那也跟你没关系,那是王二的收益。所以其实大家在股市上低买高卖赚的钱都是靠下一个买家,也是为什么股市上流动性风险更可怕。

C说equity减少可能原因有:公司有loss、支付分红比收益多,或者回购股票。

根据BASE法则,期初equity+当期新发行股票-当期回购股票+收益-分红=期末equity。

如上所述,C所说的几个原因都是会影响equity的因素。

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