什么意思

问题如下：

Question

Holding the working-age population constant, if the labor force participation ratio declines while the number of people employed remains unchanged, the unemployment rate will most likely:

选项：

A.increase. B.remain unchanged. C.decrease.

解释：

Solution

C is correct. For a given working-age population, a decline in the labor force participation rate, often because of an increase in discouraged workers, reduces the labor force. If the number of people employed remains the same while the labor force is smaller, the number of workers defined to be unemployed must be smaller and the unemployment rate lower.

The following example illustrates the direction of change.

Labor force participation rate = Labor force/Working-age population

Unemployment rate = Unemployed/Labor force

A is incorrect. As per the table, the unemployment rate would not increase, it would decrease. The numerator and denominator in the unemployment rate calculation are declining by the same number because the number of employed remains unchanged. Both declining by the same number will result in a smaller percentage once divided.

B is incorrect. As per the table, the unemployment rate would not remain unchanged, it would decrease. The numerator and denominator in the unemployment rate calculation are declining by the same number because the number of employed remains unchanged. Both declining by the same number will result in a smaller percentage once divided.

中文解析：

C正确。对于给定的劳动年龄人口，劳动力参与率的下降(通常是由于气馁的工人增加)会减少劳动力。如果就业人数保持不变，而劳动力较少，则定义为失业的工人人数一定较少，失业率也一定较低。

下面的例子说明了变化的方向。

劳动参与率=劳动人口/劳动年龄人口

失业率=失业人口/劳动力

A不正确。根据表格，失业率不会上升，而是会下降。由于就业人数保持不变，计算失业率的分子和分母都下降了相同的数字。两者都下降了相同的数字，一旦分开，就会得到更小的百分比。

B不正确。根据表格，失业率不会保持不变，它会下降。由于就业人数保持不变，计算失业率的分子和分母都下降了相同的数字。两者都下降了相同的数字，一旦分开，就会得到更小的百分比。