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lanlanlanlan · 2023年07月09日

这个可以在具体介绍一

NO.PZ2016021705000033

问题如下:

Two years ago, a company issued $20 million in long-term bonds at par value with a coupon rate of 9 percent. The company has decided to issue an additional $20 million in bonds and expects the new issue to be priced at par value with a coupon rate of 7 percent. The company has no other debt outstanding and has a tax rate of 40 percent. To compute the company's weighted average cost of capital, the appropriate after-tax cost of debt is closest to:

选项:

A.

4.2%.

B.

4.8%.

C.

5.4%.

解释:

A is correct.

The relevant cost is the marginal cost of debt. The before-tax marginal cost of debt can be estimated by the yield to maturity on a comparable outstanding. After adjusting for tax, the after-tax cost is 7(1 − 0.4) = 7(0.6) = 4.2%.

这道题比较综合,将几个考点放到一起考查了,下面逐一解释

首先,题目问,要计算公司的 WACC,其中税后债务成本为多少?

在计算税后债务成本时,我们介绍过一个大前提,一定要用新债的市场利率,而不能用 coupon rate

新债的市场利率,我们又介绍了两种方法:YTM 方法 和 Debt-rating 方法

但是这道题只提供了 coupon rate 耶,我们怎么算呢?

好在题干提供了一个关键词:expects the new issue to be priced at par value

即债券是平价发行,所以 YTM = coupon rate,所以计算债券的税后成本时,代入 YTM,也就是 coupon rate

但是题目提供了两笔债务的数据,到底代入哪个 coupon rate 呢?

应该代入现在即将发行的债务的 coupon rate 7%,而不是两年前那笔债务的 coupon rate 9%

为什么呢?因为我们代入 WACC 公式中的各项资本成本,都是边际成本 marginal cost of capital

综上所述,确定了 YTM = coupon rate = 7%,代入税后债务成本的公式即可

这道题比较综合,我个人认为考试时出原题的概率比较小,但是任意一个小的考点拿出来,单独出一道题的概率还是有的。所以如果这道题的原理都理解清楚了,相当于做了多道题目,性价比还是很高的

在计算税后债务成本时,我们介绍过一个大前提,一定要用新债的市场利率,而不能用 coupon rate>>>>


Q: 我理解之前的debt 有更高的coupon且不会改变, 为什么算整体的cost的时候需要用最新的yield 而不是weighted average

1 个答案
已采纳答案

王琛_品职助教 · 2023年07月10日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


我理解之前的debt 有更高的coupon且不会改变, 为什么算整体的cost的时候需要用最新的yield 而不是weighted average

因为我们代入 WACC 公式中的各项资本成本,都是「边际」成本 marginal cost of capital

所以边际成本,是「当前」融资所承担的成本,参考原版书 P7

 

两年前融资的成本,已经不能反映当前的融资成本了,所以不用考虑两年前那笔融资的成本,所以该题相当于在考查大家对边际成本的理解

也请参考:https://class.pzacademy.com/qa/96011

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