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Kathy苏苏 · 2023年03月15日

e问

NO.PZ2020010302000010

问题如下:

Suppose the return on an asset has the following distribution:

a. Compute the mean, variance, and standard deviation.

b. Verify your result in (a) by computing E[X2]E[X^2] directly and using the alternative expression for the variance.

c. Is this distribution skewed?

d. Does this distribution have excess kurtosis? e. What is the median of this distribution?

选项:

解释:

a. The mean is E[X] = Σx Pr(X = x) = 0.25%.

The variance is Var[X]=Σ(xE[X])2Pr(X=x)=0.000555Var[X] = Σ(x - E[X])^2 Pr(X = x) = 0.000555.

The standard deviation is Var[X]=2.355\sqrt {Var[X]} = 2.355%.

b. E[X2]=Σx2Pr(X=x)=.000561E[X^2] = Σx^2 Pr(X = x) = .000561 and so E[X2](E[X])2=0.000561(.0025)2=.000555E[X^2] - (E[X])^2 = 0.000561 - (.0025)^2 = .000555, which is the same.

c. The skewness requires computing

skew(X)=E[XE[X]]3/σ3=E[(Xμσ)3]=Σ(xμσ)3Pr(Xx)skew(X)=E[X-E[X]]^3/{\sigma^3}=E[(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma})^3]=Σ(\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma})^3Pr(X-x)

Thus the skewness is 0.021, and the distribution has a mild positive skew.

d. The kurtosis requires computing

kurtosis(X)=E[(XE[X])4]σ4=E[(Xμσ)4]=Σ(xμσ)4Pr(Xx)kurtosis(X)=\frac{E[(X-E[X])^4]}{\sigma^4}=E[(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma})^4]=Σ(\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma})^4Pr(X-x)

Thus the kurtosis is 2.24. The excess kurtosis is then 2.24 - 3 = -0.76. This distribution does not have excess kurtosis.

e. The median is the value where at least 50% probability lies to the left, and at least 50% probability lies to the right. Cumulating the probabilities into a CDF, this occurs at the return value of 0%.

1.e问的答案为什么不是return value of 1%?

2.中位数是指这个数左右两边自变量的概率之和各为50%吗?并不是这个数左右两边的自变量个数各占一半?谢谢。

Kathy苏苏 · 2023年03月17日

但1的左边概率是0.52,比0.38更接近50%呀,为什么不是1呢?谢谢老师

3 个答案

品职答疑小助手雍 · 2023年03月17日

这和离哪边近没有关系,每个数字相当于占有一个区域,50%这一刀切在哪个数字的区域上,中位数就是多少。

本题切在0所占的区域上那就是0。

或者你把题目给的图看成几层厚薄不一样的豆腐,正中间砍一刀,砍在哪个数字上中位数就是几。

品职答疑小助手雍 · 2023年03月16日

这些数字相当于是对应了一定累计概率区间的,这个区间总共是100%,你从中间50%位置切一刀,切这一刀是落在0负责的区域里的。

或者说:从0.38到0.52这个区域,全都属于0的范围,50%落在这个范围里。

品职答疑小助手雍 · 2023年03月15日

同学你好,中位数的定义就是个数左右两边自变量的概率各占50%,不是按个数算的。所以答案是0。

Kathy苏苏 · 2023年03月15日

老师,左右两边的概率要算上中位数的概率吗?0的左边概率是0.38,1的左边概率是0.52,答案为什么不是1呢?谢谢

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NO.PZ2020010302000010问题如下Suppose the return on asset hthe following stribution:Compute the mean, variance, anstanrviation.Verify your result in (computing E[X2]E[X^2]E[X2] rectly anusing the alternative expression for the variance.Is this stribution skewe es this stribution have excess kurtosis? e. Whis the meof this stribution?The meis E[X] = Σx Pr(X = x) = 0.25%.The varianis Var[X]=Σ(x−E[X])2Pr(X=x)=0.000555Var[X] = Σ(x - E[X])^2 Pr(X = x) = 0.000555Var[X]=Σ(x−E[X])2Pr(X=x)=0.000555.The stanrviation is Var[X]=2.355\sqrt {Var[X]} = 2.355%Var[X]​=2.355.E[X2]=Σx2Pr(X=x)=.000561E[X^2] = Σx^2 Pr(X = x) = .000561E[X2]=Σx2Pr(X=x)=.000561 anso E[X2]−(E[X])2=0.000561−(.0025)2=.000555E[X^2] - (E[X])^2 = 0.000561 - (.0025)^2 = .000555E[X2]−(E[X])2=0.000561−(.0025)2=.000555, whiis the same.The skewness requires computingskew(X)=E[X−E[X]]3/σ3=E[(X−μσ)3]=Σ(x−μσ)3Pr(X−x)skew(X)=E[X-E[X]]^3/{\sigma^3}=E[(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma})^3]=Σ(\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma})^3Pr(X-x)skew(X)=E[X−E[X]]3/σ3=E[(σX−μ​)3]=Σ(σx−μ​)3Pr(X−x)Thus the skewness is 0.021, anthe stribution ha milpositive skew. The kurtosis requires computingkurtosis(X)=E[(X−E[X])4]σ4=E[(X−μσ)4]=Σ(x−μσ)4Pr(X−x)kurtosis(X)=\frac{E[(X-E[X])^4]}{\sigma^4}=E[(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma})^4]=Σ(\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma})^4Pr(X-x)kurtosis(X)=σ4E[(X−E[X])4]​=E[(σX−μ​)4]=Σ(σx−μ​)4Pr(X−x)Thus the kurtosis is 2.24. The excess kurtosis is then 2.24 - 3 = -0.76. This stribution es not have excess kurtosis.e. The meis the value where least 50% probability lies to the left, anleast 50% probability lies to the right. Cumulating the probabilities into a C, this occurs the return value of 0%.1、老师,第一个和第二个红框是啥意思啊?2、为啥当X=0时,累积概率是52%,中位数不用线性插值法或者求X=0和X=-1的平均数呢?考试如果也是离散分布,累计概率超过50%,中位数也是取能概率一直累积超过50%的那个数?

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2024-01-30 12:48 2 · 回答