老师请解释下这个题目的含义以及考查的是哪个知识点

问题如下：

Question A tree diagram is most likely used when dealing with investment problems that involve outcomes that are:

选项：

A.independent at each node. B.mutually exclusive. C.unconditional at each node.

解释：

Solution

B is correct. The following figure depicts an example of a tree diagram:

A tree diagram is a diagram with branches emanating from nodes representing either mutually exclusive outcomes or mutually exclusive decisions. Mutually exclusive outcomes are dependent (the occurrence of one outcome does affect the probability of occurrence of the other outcome). In addition, outcomes at each node are conditional (the probability of an outcome is conditioned on another outcome).

A is incorrect. Two outcomes are independent if the occurrence of one outcome does not affect the probability of occurrence of the other outcome. At each node of a tree diagram, the two outcomes that follow are dependent because the probability on the outcome on one branch is related to the probability of the outcome on the other branch.C is incorrect. Outcomes are unconditional when the probability of an outcome is not conditioned on another outcome. In a tree diagram, outcomes at each node are conditional (the probability of an outcome is conditioned on another outcome).