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苏·Xu · 2022年11月09日

贝叶斯公式

NO.PZ2015120604000076

问题如下:


According to the above table, and we are informed that the performance of next day is good, what is the probability of today's performance is good?

选项:

A.

0.74.

B.

0.28.

C.

0.67.

解释:

C is correct.

We can use Bayes' formula to solve this problem.

A: today's performance is good.

B: next day's performance is good.

P(A|B)=P(B|A)*P(A)/P(B)=0.7×0.4/(0.4×0.7+0.2×0.3+0.4×0.2)

P(B|A)*P(A)=0.7×0.4=0.28

P(B)=0.4×0.7+0.2×0.3+0.4×0.2=0.42

P(A|B)=0.67

可否把事件A,B互换一下?

A:next day good

B : today good


如果可以,可否写一下解题过程?谢谢。

1 个答案

星星_品职助教 · 2022年11月10日

同学你好,

没有互换的必要。事件A和B是根据题目最终的问题决定的。

本题的问题为“the performance of next day is good, what is the probability of today's performance is good”,写成数学符号为:P(today good | next day good)。

由此判断,today good为A,next day good为B。

换而言之,A和B的实际决定过程是根据问题来判断的,而不是先定义谁是A谁是B,然后往问题上凑。

--------

实际解题中,其实根本不需要专门去定义谁是A谁是B,根据问题要求的P(today good | next day good)和贝叶斯公式的形式,可直接写出最终目的:

P(today good | next day good)= P(next day good | today good ) / P(next day good) × P(today good) 。此后逐项代数求解就可以。

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