问题如下：
Which of the following would most likely signal that a company may be using aggressive accrual accounting policies to shift current expenses to later periods? Over the last five-year period, the ratio of cash flow to net income has:
选项：
A. increased each year.
B. decreased each year.
C. fluctuated from year to year.
解释：
B is correct.
If the ratio of cash flow to net income for a company is consistently below 1 or has declined repeatedly over time, this may be a signal of manipulation of information in financial reports through aggressive accrual accounting policies. When net income is consistently higher than cash provided by operations, one possible explanation is that the company may be using aggressive accrual accounting policies to shift current expenses to later periods.
问下面哪个选项是公司有可能推迟确认费用的信号
当公司故意推迟确认费用，那么当期的净利润会上升，但现金的支付是实实在在的，也就是说现金已经支付，CF下降，净利润上升，所以当公司推迟确认费用，CF/NI比率会下降
这是课后题吗？increase/ decrease表达的不应该是变化过程吗，如果按题目想表达过去五年这个ratio被低估，是不是应该用been underestimated呀？ 看选项很容易理解成这五年是怎么逐渐变化的
