NO.PZ2023012803000001
问题如下：
At their initial meeting, the advisor learns that Stoffer is a mid-level manager at a bank and has built an investment portfolio by accumulating savings, stock options, and restricted stock from her company. Stoffer believes she currently has a sufficient level of wealth to achieve her primary goal of maintaining her current lifestyle until her death.
In discussing her investment philosophy, Stoffer explains that she likes to keep separate investment accounts for her savings, stock options, and restricted stock. She has a distinct investment strategy for each account. In addition, Stoffer says that she always follows her father’s investment advice of “invest only in what you know.” Stoffer also believes that she is personally contributing to the performance of her bank’s stock price. Combined, these factors have led Stoffer to keep a large percentage of her total portfolio in her bank’s stock and options. The advisor tells Stoffer that this concentrated holding represents significant risk in achieving her primary goal. Stoffer refuses to consider the suggestion that she partially hedge the risk of her bank’s stock.
After evaluating Stoffer’s investment philosophy, the advisor is concerned that Stoffer is exhibiting some of the following cognitive biases:
- endowment
- conservatism
- mental accounting
- illusion of control
选项：
解释：
Endowment bias is an emotional bias in which people value an asset more when they hold the rights to it than when they do not. There is no evidence that Stoffer suffers from this bias. In addition, this is not a cognitive bias.
Conservatism bias is a belief perseverance bias in which people maintain their prior views or
forecasts by inadequately incorporating new information. There is no evidence that Stoffer suffers from this cognitive bias.
如果题目不限制cognitive errors, 是不是这里也体现了endowment bias？
看描述感觉和endowment bias也很相符，而且下面选项中也有endowment bias。是不是因为题中说是cognitive error所以才不能回答endowment bias呢？如果没有这个限制，是不是endowment bias也是对的？
也请参考：