同学你好,首先是要理解的就是所有的另类投资品与传统的投资产品之间都是有分散化效果的,只是不同的产品分散化的程度不一样。
1. Hedge Fund从historical performance来看,是可以实现分散化和提高收益的,所以呈现provide mean–variance improvements to portfolios. 但是在HF下,我们一般不细究分散化效果和return作用,因为HF index有很多的bias,而且HF投资的类别有很多,既可以投资股票,也可以投资债权,所以每个类别具体的分散化原版是也没有专门讲。反而更多的知识点是在HF 的return/volatility的衡量,所以题目一般不会问HF分散化的问题,而是考察bias这些知识点。如果要考分散化,那就是可以provide mean-variance improvements.
2. 在房地产中,直接型投资的分散化效果比较好,RETIs也能提供分散化效果,但它的分散化效果较弱,因为也是股票市场上的投资产品,所以与股票市场的相关系数会更高,但是相对于其他的另类投资品,它可以满足流动性的要求。
3. 对于PE来说,它能提供足够的分散化效果的(讲义里和原版书都说的是moderate diversifier),但相对别的另类投资品例如HF,分散化的效果就会差一些。PE更重要的也是非常有辨识度的一个知识点就是它的return enhancement作用。具体原因:The moderately high average correlation of private equity returns with publicly traded share returns that has been documented has a plausible economic explanation: All types of businesses have some exposure to economic and industry conditions, so correlations between public and private equity returns may be expected to be positive. Furthermore, venture capital uses public equity markets as one main exit route, so returns to VC fund investors can be expected to be higher when public equity market values are advancing.
4. Commodity加入到组合有两个作用:as a portfolio risk diversifier and as an inflation hedge, providing an expected offset to the losses on such assets as conventional debt instruments, which typically lose value during periods of unexpected inflation.