这道题怎么理解

问题如下：

Question A risk metric that measures how different an actual investment outcome could be from what the investor expects is most likely a:

选项：

A.vega. B.duration. C.standard deviation.

解释：

Solution

1. Incorrect. Vega measures the sensitivity of a security (either a derivative or a security with derivative-like characteristics) to a change in the price volatility of the underlying asset.

2. Incorrect. Duration measures the sensitivity of a security or portfolio to a change in market interest rates.

3. Correct. Standard deviation is a measure of dispersion in a probability distribution and is used to describe the range of outcomes (minimum and maximum, centered on the expected outcome) that can occur with a particular probability. In contrast, duration measures the sensitivity of a security or portfolio to a change in market interest rates, and vega measures the sensitivity of a security (either a derivative or a security with derivative-like characteristics) to a change in the price volatility of the underlying asset.

Introduction to Risk Management

• describe methods for measuring and modifying risk exposures and factors to consider in choosing among the methods