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Frances · 2024年04月21日

有一个现在刺激消费和将来交税同性质的理论

NO.PZ2023071902000013

问题如下:

QuestionIf a government enhances its expenditure on domestically produced goods using funds obtained from an equivalent rise in taxes, the most likely impact on aggregate demand will be:

选项:

A.Decline. B.Unaffected. C.Surge.

解释:

Solution

  1. Incorrect. When the government raises spending by the same amount as it increases taxes, aggregate demand is expected to rise. This is due to the marginal propensity to spend out of disposable income being less than 1, resulting in a smaller reduction in spending (represented by "c," the marginal propensity to consume) for each dollar of disposable income decrease. Aggregate spending will fall less than the tax rise by a factor of "c." This additional output will, in turn, lead to further increases in income and output through the multiplier effect.

  2. Incorrect. When the government raises spending by the same amount as it increases taxes, aggregate demand is expected to rise. This is due to the marginal propensity to spend out of disposable income being less than 1, resulting in a smaller reduction in spending (represented by "c," the marginal propensity to consume) for each dollar of disposable income decrease. Aggregate spending will fall less than the tax rise by a factor of "c." This additional output will, in turn, lead to further increases in income and output through the multiplier effect.

  3. Correct. When the government raises spending by the same amount as it increases taxes, aggregate demand is expected to rise. This is due to the marginal propensity to spend out of disposable income being less than 1, resulting in a smaller reduction in spending (represented by "c," the marginal propensity to consume) for each dollar of disposable income decrease. Aggregate spending will fall less than the tax rise by a factor of "c." This additional output will, in turn, lead to further increases in income and output through the multiplier effect.

Fiscal Policy

• describe tools of fiscal policy, including their advantages and disadvantages


C正确的。当政府增加支出的幅度与增加税收的幅度相同时,总需求预计会上升。这是由于可支配收入中的边际消费倾向小于1,导致可支配收入每减少1美元,支出的减少较小(用“c”表示,边际消费倾向)。总支出的下降幅度将小于增税幅度的1 / c。这种额外的产出反过来又会通过乘数效应导致收入和产出的进一步增加。

有一个现在刺激消费和将来交税同性质的理论,怎么不用在这里,应该选不变嘛

1 个答案

笛子_品职助教 · 2024年04月22日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


有一个现在刺激消费和将来交税同性质的理论,怎么不用在这里,应该选不变嘛


Hello,亲爱的同学~

不能用在这里哦。

因为这道题是说,现在就交税。不是未来交税。


政府收税金额等于政府开支金额时,对经济起到净的正向刺激作用。

因为刺激经济,需要消费与投资。

或者是居民的消费,或者是政府消费或政府投资。

由于居民不会把全部收入全部拿出来消费,这就导致政府把居民的钱收上来,替居民花钱,对经济刺激的作用,要比居民自己花钱的作用更大。


比如,居民收入100元,那么只会拿出来40元消费。只有40元刺激经济。

但如果政府把居民的这100元收走,然后政府用来开支,政府可以开支100元,这100元都可以刺激经济。

这就是财政乘数。

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虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

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